Black Eagle
- Black berries
- Interspecific hybrid
- VIVC #1395 ↗
- SpeciesShare of its ancestry traced back to each wild grape species, through the most probable parents. Unknown: lines no source traces back.
- V. vinifera63%
- V. labrusca38%
- SeasonBased on véraison, when the berries start to colour, with slow and early springs removed. About 2 days earlier than the average variety.
- Mid-season
- Origin
- 1866 · Underhill, Stephen W.
Origins
The most probable parents of Black Eagle, and what each source says.
ParentsDNA-confirmedA DNA (marker) study confirmed this parent.Sources agreeTwo or more sources name this parent, without DNA proof.One source onlyOnly one source names this parent.⚠ Sources disagreeSources name different parents, or a DNA test did not confirm the stated one.UnknownNo source names this parent.
VIVC names Concord; USDA GRIN agrees; Chateau Stripmine agrees
VIVC names Black Prince; USDA GRIN agrees; Chateau Stripmine agrees
What each source says (3 sources)
✓ matches the most probable parent · ✓ ⇄ same parent, but listed as the other parent · ≈ described only by species, consistent · – this source doesn't know this parent, no conflict · ≠ names a different one · struck through = not confirmed by a DNA test.
| Source | Mother (seed parent) | Father (pollen parent) | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
VIVC VIVC passport #1395 ↗ | Concord | Black Prince | Catalogue recordOriginal wording
|
USDA GRIN GRIN accession #1006933 ↗ | Concord | Black Prince | Genebank recordOriginal wording
|
Chateau Stripmine Stephen W. Underhill — crosses list ↗ | Concord | Black Prince | Compiled list (original sources not recorded)Original wordingListed on Stephen W. Underhill — crosses list: seed parent Concord, pollen parent Black Prince. Row as shown on the site: |
Chateau Stripmine compiles many publications without recording which one each line comes from, so its agreement counts for less than an independent genebank.
Sources checked: VIVC: gives a pedigree · Chateau Stripmine: gives a pedigree · USDA GRIN: gives a pedigree
Breeding records
Species ancestry
Black Eagle's ancestry is fully traced back to wild species.
- V. vinifera63%
- V. labrusca38%
How certain is the whole lineage?Covers every generation back to wild species, not just the parents: each part of the lineage counts its weakest link.Sources agree all the way: Traced to wild species through links where sources agree (or DNA confirms).
Following every line of Black Eagle's ancestry back to wild species: about 100% rests on sources that agree (no DNA proof somewhere).
- Sources agree all the way100%
OffspringOur database holds the varieties our winegrowers grow and all their ancestors. These are the descendants we know of, not every variety ever bred from this one.
1 variety was bred directly from Black Eagle; counting its own offspring, 2 descendants over 2 generations.
Descendants grown by our winegrowersEvery variety descended from Black Eagle, at any generation, that at least one winegrower in our data grows. Ranked by number of winegrowers.
- Armalagagrandchild · 1
Generation · number of winegrowers growing it
Bred directly from it (1)
- ArmlongOne source onlyas father · × Ten Dollar Prize
In the vineyard
How Black Eagle behaves in a test vineyard: when it buds, flowers and ripens, and what its fruit is like.
Season timingi
Compared with the average variety, early and late springs removed. Compare with all varieties →
- Black Eagle
- Maréchal Foch
- Marquette
- Seyval Blanc
- Vidal
- ← earlier · later →
BudbreakBuds open in spring. Early budbreak means more risk from late spring frost.about 4 days later than average4 seasons, 1 place
Sites and seasons (4)
See the numbers
| Season | Black Eagle | Maréchal Foch | Marquette | Seyval Blanc | Vidal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Geneva, NY 2009 ↗ | −2 | −5 | – | – | +8 |
| Geneva, NY 2011 ↗ | +5 | −5 | – | 0 | +9 |
| Geneva, NY 2012 ↗ | +8 | −22 | – | +8 | +21 |
| Geneva, NY 2013 ↗ | +2 | −2 | – | – | +5 |
Days from that season's typical variety. * far off and set aside.
BloomFull flowering. Cold or rain at bloom can reduce fruit set.about the same as average5 seasons, 1 place
Sites and seasons (5)
See the numbers
| Season | Black Eagle | Maréchal Foch | Marquette | Seyval Blanc | Vidal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Geneva, NY 1995 ↗ | +2 | −1 | – | −2 | +5 |
| Geneva, NY 2008 ↗ | +2 | −3 | – | +2 | +11 |
| Geneva, NY 2009 ↗ | +3 | −6 | – | +4 | +8 |
| Geneva, NY 2011 ↗ | +1 | −4 | – | 0 | +7 |
| Geneva, NY 2013 ↗ | +1 | +1 | – | +2 | +7 |
Days from that season's typical variety. * far off and set aside.
VéraisonBerries soften and change color: ripening begins. The later it comes, the longer the season the variety needs.about 2 days earlier than average3 seasons, 1 place
Sites and seasons (3)
See the numbers
| Season | Black Eagle | Maréchal Foch | Marquette | Seyval Blanc | Vidal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Geneva, NY 2011 ↗ | −3 | −8 | – | +7 | – |
| Geneva, NY 2012 ↗ | −2 | −9 | – | +4 | – |
| Geneva, NY 2013 ↗ | +1 | −6 | – | 0 | – |
Days from that season's typical variety. * far off and set aside.
- Bloom about 42 days after budbreak (34 to 45, 3 seasons)
Measured at the USDA grape collection in Geneva, NYYour vineyard will differ: dates shift with your climate. How a variety compares with the others measured there travels better. · USDA GRIN ↗
Fruit and flowers
- Cluster weightAverage of 10 clusters.Heavier than about 75% of the 23 varieties measured at Geneva, NY.one season (1996)CV65 g375 g265 gheavy
- Cluster lengthAverage of 10 clusters.About average among the 23 varieties measured at Geneva, NY.one season (1996)CV8 cm21 cm14 cmaverage
- Berry weightAverage of 10 berries.Heavier than about 85% of the 22 varieties measured at Geneva, NY.one season (1996)VC1.2 g5.4 g4.1 gheavy
- Clusters per shootAverage over 10 shoots — a first hint at yield potential.About average among the 110 varieties measured at Geneva, NY.2 seasons, 1995–1996CV1.43.92.5average
This variety (bar: earliest to latest season)Other varieties measured at Geneva, NYMost grown in our database:VidalConcord
- Skin color
- Blue-black
- Flesh
- Not colored
- FlavorFoxy: the grapey, Concord-like aroma of American (labrusca) grapes.
- Foxy
- Seeds
- Well-developed seeds
- Berry shape
- Round
- FlowersHermaphrodite flowers pollinate themselves; female flowers need another variety planted nearby to set fruit.
- Female (needs a pollinator, like Harmony)
Sources
Pedigree data for Black Eagle combines these sources:
- Vitis International Variety Catalogue (VIVC), Julius Kühn-Institut · Black Eagle's record ↗
- Chateau Stripmine — Carl Camper's grape breeding compilation (chateaustripmine.info) · Black Eagle's record ↗
- USDA-ARS Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN-Global), National Clonal Germplasm Repository, Geneva NY · Black Eagle's record ↗